2011年中考英語(yǔ)備考指導(dǎo)：中考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)(23)

　�、� hard與hardly的用法：hard作為副詞意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardly是否定詞,意思是：“幾乎不”,一般與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could連用。如：They study English very hard.(他們英語(yǔ)學(xué)得很刻苦)/ You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共場(chǎng)所你幾乎看不到一個(gè)人隨地吐痰)

　　⑽ like...very much、like...better(=prefer)、like...best的用法：三個(gè)短語(yǔ)分別表示“非常喜歡”、“更喜歡”、“最喜歡”。如：I like baseball very much.(我非常喜歡棒球)/ Do you like butter better than cheese?( / They like hamburgers best.

　　⑾“quite/what+a+形容詞+名詞”的用法：記�。孩賟uite/such/what...+a+形容詞+名詞;②too/so/how+形容詞+a+名詞;③rather+a+形容詞+名詞 = a+ rather+形容詞+名詞。如：I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣奇怪的家伙) / It is quite a nice day for a walk.(這真是散步的好日子)

　�、� how 的幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)：how often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般時(shí)態(tài),對(duì)表示頻度的詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn); how soon“多久以后”,用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài); how long“多久”,用于過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)或其他時(shí)態(tài); how many times“多少次”,用于過(guò)去時(shí)或完成時(shí),對(duì)總計(jì)次數(shù)進(jìn)行提問(wèn); how much“多么,多少”,對(duì)程度進(jìn)行提問(wèn),也可以對(duì)數(shù)量(不可數(shù))或金錢(qián)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如：How long have you been like this?(你這樣已經(jīng)多久了?)/ How often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次臉?)

　�、� much、more與most的用法：這三個(gè)詞除了是形容詞作名詞的修飾語(yǔ)之外,還是程度副詞,much表示“很”,修飾原級(jí)形/副,more表示“更”用來(lái)構(gòu)成多音節(jié)形/副的比較級(jí),most表示“最”用來(lái)構(gòu)成多音節(jié)形/副的最高級(jí)。此外,much也可以修飾比較級(jí)形/副。如：This park is much more beautiful than that one.(這個(gè)公園比那個(gè)漂亮多了)/ It is the most instructive film I have ever seen.(這是我看過(guò)的最有教育意義的電影)

　�、� no more、no longer、not...any more、no...any longer的用法：表示時(shí)間,可以用no longer、not...ny more、no...any longer,而且no longer只能放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前;表示程度,可以用no more、not...any more.如：He no longer lived there.(他不再住在那里) / Tom wanted no more cakes.(他不想再要蛋糕) / He didn’ t smoke any more/longer.(他不再抽煙)

　　⒂ 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,方式副詞一般放在be與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間。如： The runner was badly hurt.(賽跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員受了重傷) / English is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很廣泛)

　　⒃ too...to...與so...that...的問(wèn)題：副詞too/so后面跟形容詞或副詞,to后面跟動(dòng)詞,that后面跟從句。Too...to... (“太.……以致不……”)是否定的結(jié)構(gòu),用于簡(jiǎn)單句;so...that...(“如此…以致…”)是肯定結(jié)構(gòu),用于復(fù)合句。如：The child is too young to join the army.(這孩子年齡太小還不能參軍)/ He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他這么強(qiáng)壯,搬得動(dòng)那個(gè)重箱子。)

　�、� 既是形容詞也是副詞的單詞有：early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如：It was a long holiday.(那是個(gè)長(zhǎng)假)/ He stayed there very long.(他在那兒呆了好久)/ Think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就會(huì)找到辦法)/ He is a very hard(難對(duì)付的) person.(他是個(gè)難玩的家伙)

　�、� farther與further的用法區(qū)別：表示地點(diǎn)、方向或距離時(shí)兩個(gè)詞同義,意思為“更遠(yuǎn)、較遠(yuǎn)”,但是further還表示“更多、進(jìn)一步、額外”等意思,此時(shí)不能換為farther. 如：They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他們決定第二天走得再遠(yuǎn)些)/ This problem will be further discussed.(這個(gè)問(wèn)題還要進(jìn)一步討論)/ Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他們每個(gè)人大學(xué)畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)進(jìn)修)