name ?

　�。壅`］ She was named of a flower.?

　�。壅�］ She was named after a flower.?

　　［析］ 以……命名應(yīng)為name after，又如給某人取名應(yīng)為The father named his son Tom.?

　　near ?

　　［誤］ We came near to hit him.?

　�。壅�］ We came near to hitting him.?

　�。畚觯� 這句話應(yīng)譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞，其后要接賓語，所以要接名詞或動名詞。near作介詞時其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

　　by near ?

　　We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對的，但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同，by在表達(dá)距離時比near更近，所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

　　need ?

　�。壅`］ This room needs to clean.?

　�。壅�］ This room needs to be cleaned.?

　�。壅�］ This room needs cleaning.?

　　［析］ 在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時，need后面如用不定式要用其被動態(tài)，如接動名詞則要用主動態(tài)。?

　�。壅`］ We need not to do it.?

　�。壅�］ We needn