介詞短語(yǔ)的句法功能

1. 介詞短語(yǔ)可以用作表語(yǔ)。如

Mr. Smith is still in bed. 史密斯先生還在睡覺(jué)。

He was already in his sixties. 他已經(jīng)六十多歲了。

Dinner was at one o’lock. 一點(diǎn)鐘開(kāi)午飯。

We are out of food. 我們的食物吃完了。

2. 介詞短語(yǔ)可以用作狀語(yǔ)。如

The children are playing by the river. 孩子們?cè)诤舆呁妗?/P>

They often talk in English after class. 他們經(jīng)常在課后用英語(yǔ)交談。

Let’s go out for a walk along the river. 咱們到江邊散散步。

3. 介詞短語(yǔ)可以用作定語(yǔ)。如

The woman in the room is his wife. 房間里的那個(gè)女人是他的妻子。

China is a country with a long history. 中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。

介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)必須置于被修飾名詞之后。如

the people on the bus 公共汽車上的人

the girl in front of me 我前面的女孩

a woman in black 一個(gè)穿黑衣的婦女

a book on sports 一本關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)的書(shū)

a boy with red hair 紅頭發(fā)的男孩

a bird in the tree 樹(shù)上的鳥(niǎo)

4. 介詞短語(yǔ)可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).。如

We found her in tears. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她在哭泣。

The cold kept him in bed for three days. 這次感冒讓他臥床三天。

用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)在相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中則為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

He was regarded as a hero. 他被看成是英雄。

5. 介詞短語(yǔ)可以用作賓語(yǔ)。如

I saw her from across the street. 我從街對(duì)面望見(jiàn)了她。

He goes to work every day except on Sunday. 除星期日外，他每天都上班。

I won’t go home until after the exam. 我要等考完后才回家。