9. Practice speaking the language every day.

　　practice 在美國英語中可以做動(dòng)詞也可以做名詞，而在英國英語中，practice是名詞，動(dòng)詞的拼寫則是practise.

　　作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，其后只能跟動(dòng)名詞，不能跟不定式。如：It is really no fun to practice running in such hot weather.(在這樣炎熱的天氣里練跑步可真不是好玩的。)

　　10. Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.

　　that successful language learners are similar in many ways 是賓語從句。在非正式場合下that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)可省略。如：I think (that) you are right.

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 小男孩承認(rèn)是他打碎了窗玻璃。

　　(The little boy admitted that he broke the window.)

　　2) 大量證據(jù)表明他是有罪的。(Plenty of evidence shows that he is guilty.)

　　3) 我保證將會(huì)給他更多的幫助。(I promised that I would give him more help.)

　　11. … they discover their own way to learn the language. to learn the language

　　不定式做定語，例如：Is it the best way to solve the problem?(這是解決問題的最好方法嗎?)

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 他沒有勇氣承認(rèn)自己是無知的。(He has no courage to say that he is ignorant.)

　　2) 這將是一個(gè)交流思想的好機(jī)會(huì)。(This will be a good opportunity to exchange ideas.)

　　3) 他們在會(huì)上沒有發(fā)言權(quán)。(They had no right to speak at the meeting.)

　　12. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain， they try to find the patterns and rules for themselves.

　　動(dòng)詞不定式to explain和名詞 teacher構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，作wait for的賓語，稱為復(fù)合賓語。此類用法在英語中很常見，例如：

　　1) I''ll get someone to repair the bike for you.(我去找人來幫你修自行車。)

　　2) He wants you to call him in the afternoon.(他要你下午給他打電話。)

　　3) The teacher is waiting for the students to answer the questions.(老師在等學(xué)生們回答問題。)

　　4) You can count on him to give you full support.(你放心，他會(huì)給你全力支持。)

　　請注意 instead of 與 instead 的區(qū)別：

　　1) Instead of staying at home watching TV， he went out for a walk.

　　He didn''t stay at home watching TV， instead he went out for a walk.

　　2) Instead of having milk for breakfast， he had a cup of coffee.

　　He didn''t have milk for breakfast， instead he had a cup of coffee.

　　13. When they guess wrong， they guess again.

　　wrong常常作形容詞或動(dòng)詞用，而本句中的wrong則作副詞用。請注意下面句子中wrong的詞類：

　　1) He was annoyed that he had been given some wrong information.(wrong adj.錯(cuò)誤的)

　　2) I knew I had wronged her terribly when I gave her all the complaints.(wrong v. 冤枉)

　　3) The whole class burst into laughter when the teacher pronounced her name wrong.(wrong adv.錯(cuò)，不對)

　　14. … they look for such a chance.

　　句中的such是前置限定詞，可放在可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前，如：

　　1) I''ve never seen such beautiful scenery.(我從沒見過這樣美麗的景色。)

　　2) He didn''t expect that the audience would give him such a response.(他沒料想到觀眾們會(huì)給予如此反應(yīng)。)

　　3) She didn''t feel like going out on such a cold day.(她不想在如此寒冷的日子里出門。)

　　從下面的句子中可以看出so與such的區(qū)別，so是副詞，通常用來修飾形容詞或副詞：

　　1) The question was so difficult that nobody could answer it.

　　(這個(gè)問題太難了，沒人能回答。)

　　2) His eyesight was so poor that he couldn''t see anything clearly.

　　(他的視力不好，什么也看不清。)

　　3) He ran so fast that nobody could catch up with him.

　　(他跑得那么快，沒有人能趕上他。)

　　15. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.

　　不定式短語to learn to think in the language是句子的真正主語。it常常被用來代替不定式，在句子中充當(dāng)形式主語，而把真正的主語移到句子后面去，這樣使句子顯得比較平穩(wěn)。為了說明不定式表示的動(dòng)作是誰做的，便在不定式前加for引起的短語。又如：

　　1) It is not at all difficult for him to understand the poem.

　　2) It is necessary for us to lend him a helping hand at this time.

　　more important than是形容詞比較級形式，請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 湯姆的年齡比瑪麗大。(Tom is older than Mary.)

　　2) 這本書比那本書更有趣。(This book is more interesting than that one.)

　　3) 我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)比他們班的多。(There are more students in our class than in theirs.)

　　16. … you have probably been learning independently， actively， and purposefully.

　　句中所用的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去的某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去。又如：

　　1) He has been working for a whole day.

　　2) They have been watching TV for two hours.

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 老李已經(jīng)在南京生活了二十年。(Lao Li has been living in Nanjing for 20 years.)

　　2) 雨下多久了?(How long has it been raining?)

　　3) 我等了他一個(gè)多小時(shí)了。(I have been waiting for him for more than an hour.)

　　17. … if your language learning has been less than successful， you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.

　　less than用在形容詞的前面是為了給所要表述的內(nèi)容增加否定意味。又如：It would be less than fair to put all the blame on him.(把所有的責(zé)任都加在他身上是不太公平的。)

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1) 父親對他的成績不太滿意。(Father was less than satisfied with his performance.)

　　2) 這個(gè)計(jì)劃遠(yuǎn)不夠完美。(The plan was a good deal less than perfect.)

　　do well to do sth. 的意思是“最好…做”，如：She would do well to go away from these

　　dishonest people.(她最好遠(yuǎn)離這些不誠實(shí)的人。)

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