2009年：

　　1. It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience ; but this effect is not a part of its original motive。

　　譯文：可以說，衡量任何社會制度的價值在于它對擴(kuò)大和改進(jìn)經(jīng)驗的影響，但是這種影響并不是它最初動機(jī)的組成部分。

　　2. Only gradually was the by�瞤roduct of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution。

　　譯文：只有逐步才能注意到一種制度的副作用，而要承認(rèn)這種副作用是執(zhí)行該制度的一種規(guī)定性因素則更加緩慢。

　　3. While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults 。

　　譯文：在和年輕人交往時，我們?nèi)菀缀雎宰约旱男袨閷λ麄冃愿竦挠绊�，但是在與成人打交道時卻并不如此容易。

　　4. Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability。

　　譯文：既然我們的主要任務(wù)是讓年輕人參與共同生活，我們禁不住要考慮是否我們正在形成獲得這種能力的力量。

　　5. We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education—that of direct tuition or schooling。

　　譯文：因此，我們要在從一直考慮的整個教育過程中辨認(rèn)出一種比較正規(guī)的教育——直接教育或者學(xué)校教育。

　　2008年：

　　1. He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations。

　　譯文：他 達(dá)爾文 認(rèn)為，正是這種困難起了彌補(bǔ)作用，使他長時間專注地思考每個句子，從而能在推理和親自觀察中發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的錯誤。

　　2. He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics。

　　譯文：他還認(rèn)為，在深入理解冗長且完全抽象的一系列觀點方面，自己的能力非常有限；因此，他曾深信自己在數(shù)學(xué)方面本來就不該獲得成功。

　　3. On the other hand , he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning。

　　譯文：另一方面，一些批評家指責(zé)說，盡管他善于觀察，但卻不能推理，他對此既不接受且認(rèn)為毫無根據(jù)。

　　4.He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully�！�

　　譯文：他謙虛地補(bǔ)充說，或許他“和普通人相比，更能注意到他們?nèi)菀缀雎缘募?xì)節(jié)，更能對這些細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)觀察”。

　　5. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character。

　　譯文：達(dá)爾文認(rèn)為，失去對音樂和繪畫方面的興趣，不僅失去了幸福，還可能損傷智力，甚至更可能敗壞道德。