數(shù) 詞(3-3~4-1)

　　大綱要求

　　基數(shù)詞及其用法;序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其用法;分數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成;小數(shù)的用法。

　　一、基數(shù)詞及其主要用法

　　表示數(shù)目的詞稱基數(shù)詞。15 fifteen，幾百幾千不加s，242 two hundred and forty-two，5058 five thousand and fifty-eight，9，600，000 nine million six hundred thousand

　　1.基數(shù)詞可以用于數(shù)字的計算。

　　6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen.

　　9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.

　　7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five.

　　8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.

　　2.基數(shù)詞可以表示人的大致年齡和年代。

　　He died in his fifties.

　　This took place in 1990s/1990s.

　　The professor became successful in his thirties.

　　3.基數(shù)詞可以用來表達年份、時間、電話號碼。

　　1700 seventeen hundred

　　1814 eighteen fourteen

　　9：20 nine twenty

　　11：30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven

　　5：45 five forty-five/ a quarter to six

　　88760231 eight eight seven， six zero two， three one

　　4.基數(shù)詞可以用于編號。

　　Number six， line 4， page 19， Bus(No.) 332， Platform (No.) 5， Room 101

　　5.基數(shù)詞可以和其他詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞，在句子中作定語。

　　A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.

　　This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words.

　　(The baby is eleven months old.)

　　The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework.

　　(There are four thousand words in the essay.)

　　This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand.

　　(There are four paragraphs in this essay. )

　　二、序數(shù)詞及其主要用法

　　表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。如first， second， third， fourth， ninth， twenty-first， forty-fifth等。

　　序數(shù)詞可以用來表示日期和世紀。May the first / the first of May(5.1)， August the eighth / the eighth of August(8.8)， the twentieth century， the twenty-first century

　　序數(shù)詞在句子中前面一般加the

　　The first of October is our National Day.

　　She was the third to arrive.

　　序數(shù)詞在句子中前面加不定冠詞，表示“再一”又一“。

　　Theyll have to do it a second time.

　　Shall I ask him a third time?

　　When he sat down ， a fourth man rose to ask.

　　三、分數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成

　　分數(shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示，若分子大于1，分母需用復數(shù)。

　　two-thirds(2/3)，one-third(1/3)， nine-tenths (9/10)， five-twelfths(5/12)。

　　特殊表達法有：one half (1/2)，a quarter (1/4)， three quarters (3/4)

　　考試重點

　　基數(shù)詞可以和其他詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞，在句子中作定語，名詞不能加s.

　　數(shù)詞部分需特別注意dozen， hundred， million， billion 等詞。表示具體數(shù)字時，這些詞用單數(shù)形式，表示不具體的數(shù)字時，須用dozens of， hundreds of 這類的結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　I want three dozen of these.

　　He has been there dozens of times.

　　It is reported that _____ people in this area were saved in the storm.

　　A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. some hundreds

　　(答案 C)

　　當數(shù)詞與名詞及其他詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞時，合成形容詞中間若用連字符，則其中的名詞須用單數(shù)形式。

　　The homework for the next period is to write a two-hundred-word composition about your hometown.

　　Mary is a eleven-year-old girl.

　　(Mary is eleven years old.)

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