10.答案B

　　【解析】have difficulty(in)doing sth.“做……有困難”，固定用法。

　　11.答案A

　　【解析】由however可以看出，這句話的意思是對(duì)前面“子女的自我形象要受到父母的言行影響”的轉(zhuǎn)折。modify“修改、修飾”;give up“放棄”。copy和continue不符合文義。

　　12.答案B

　　【解析】influenced“受影響的”;mature“成熟的”;unique“惟一的”;independent“獨(dú)立的”。句后用by…作介詞短語，故此處需要一個(gè)過去分詞。

　　13.答案C

　　【解析】這里是說“孤立的事件，甚至是富有戲劇性的事，都不一定會(huì)對(duì)孩子的行為產(chǎn)生永久的影響”。

　　14.答案D

　　【解析】have an effect on“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”，固定搭配。

　　15.答案B

　　【解析】逗號(hào)后面的一句是對(duì)前句的解釋，是舉例說明，故選for

　　example。

　　16.答案A

　　【解析】這里or與連接的兩個(gè)詞都應(yīng)是意義相似的令人不愉快的事，選項(xiàng)中與divorce相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞只有death。

　　17.答案A

　　【解析】interpret與as搭配，意為“把……理解為”。

　　18.答案C

　　【解析】這句是說“并不是所有的孩子同樣地都受到玩具、游戲、讀物、電視節(jié)目的影響。alike“同樣地”，意思最接近。

　　19.答案D

　　【解析】as“正如……”;A、B項(xiàng)選擇是感嘆詞，后面多用逗號(hào)。Right在意思上不合適。

　　20.答案B

　　【解析】本句意為：家庭關(guān)系的突然變化或某種經(jīng)歷對(duì)孩子的影響取決于他們對(duì)這些事如何理解。result“結(jié)果”;effect“影響”;scale“刻度”;cause“原因”

　　Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent.

　　Concepts of reading have changed __1__ over the centuries.

　　During the 1950's and 1960's especially, increased attention has been devoted to __2__ the reading process.

　　__3__ specialists agree that reading __4__ a complex organization of higher mental __5__ , they disagree __6__ the exact nature of the process.

　　Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, __7__ reading as simply the decoding of symbolssintosthe sounds they stand __8__ .

　　These authorities __9__ that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process.

　　Others maintain that reading is __10__ related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without __11__ their meaning is not truly reading.The reader, __12__ some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who __13__ reads.

　　Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its __14__ .

　　By some expert they would not be __15__ as readers.Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use.