3. 動(dòng)詞后綴

            　　1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，變成，……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize,
            organize

            　　2)-en, 表示"使成為，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden

            　　3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

            　　4)-ish, 表示"使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish

            　　5)-ate, 表示“成為……，處理，作用” separate, operate, indicate

            4. 副詞后綴

            (形容詞)-ly：bad→badly壞地/惡劣地，careful→carefully小心地

            -wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)順時(shí)針方向的(地)；like→likewise同樣地

            -wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地

            附二：真題及參考答案

            　　El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often
            unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47
            happens every five to eight years. 
            It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a
            failure in the trade winds(信風(fēng)), which affects the ocean currents
            driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean
            temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east
            to warm up by as much as 5 °C. 

           　　The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid
            (潮濕的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The
            rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In
            the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and
            Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains
            and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51.

            　　El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino
            brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was
            worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over
            eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until
            June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000
            years.

            　　Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino
            will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what
            affects how strong it will be.

            　　A) estimate

            　　B) strength

            　　C) deliberately

            　　D) notify

            　　E) tropical

            　　F) phenomenon

            　　G) stable

            　　H) attraction

            　　I) completely

            　　J) destructive

            　　K) starvation

            　　L) bringing

            　　M) exhaustion

            　　N) worth

            　　O) strike

            　　參考答案：

            　　47. P phenomenon
            　　48. B strength
            　　49. E tropical
            　　50. L bringing
            　　51. K starvation
            　　52. J destructive
            　　53. N worth
            　　54. A estimate
            　　55. O strike
            　　56. I completely

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