附一：四級常用后綴

1. 名詞后綴

1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或職業(yè)的人或物：worker, debtor

2)-acy, 表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy

3)-ance, -ence表示"性質(zhì)，狀況，行為，過程，總量，程度” importance, diligence, difference, obedience

4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，行為，過程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,

5)-bility, 表示"動作，性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)" possibility, flexibility, feasibility,

6)-dom, 表示"等級，領(lǐng)域，狀態(tài)" freedom, kingdom, wisdom

7)-hood, 表示"資格，身份, 年紀，狀態(tài)" childhood, manhood, falsehood

8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行為的過程，結(jié)果，狀況" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

9)-ism, 表示"制度，主義，學說，信仰，行為" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism

10)-ity, 表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity

11)-ment, 表示"行為，狀態(tài)，過程，手段及其結(jié)果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument

12)-ness, 表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness

13)-ship, 表示"情況，性質(zhì)，技巧，技能及身份，職業(yè)” hardship, membership, friendship

14)-th, 表示"動作，性質(zhì)，過程，狀態(tài)" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

15)-tude, 表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)

16)-ure, 表示"行為，結(jié)果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手續(xù))，

17-grapy, 表示"……學，寫法” biography, calligraphy, geography

18)-ic, ics, 表示"……學……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics

19)-ology, 表示"……學……論”biology, zoology, technology(工藝學)

20)-nomy, 表示"……學……術(shù)" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生態(tài)學)

2. 形容詞后綴

(1)帶有“屬性，傾向，相關(guān)”的含義

1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible

2)名詞-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish)

3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive

4)-like, manlike, childlike

5)名詞-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

6)-some, troublesome, handsome

7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various

9)-ent, violent

10)-most, foremost, topmost

(11)less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless

3. 動詞后綴

1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，變成，……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize

2)-en, 表示"使成為，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden

3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

4)-ish, 表示"使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish

5)-ate, 表示“成為……，處理，作用” separate, operate, indicate

4. 副詞后綴

(形容詞)-ly：bad→badly壞地/惡劣地，careful→carefully小心地

-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)順時針方向的(地)；like→likewise同樣地

-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地