4.-ing型與-ed型改錯題。

此類題一般是動詞后面少了ing或ed,這種題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),值得注意。

-ing型改錯題分兩種情況:(1)介詞后面或某些動詞后面跟著的動詞需要使用該動詞的-ing形式(2)用一個逗號將一個動詞與其邏輯主語分開,該動詞需要用-ing分詞形式,舉例如下：

(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal

government from demand library records….(07年1月新六級改錯第三題)這里的demand應(yīng)該改成demanding,

bar/stop/prevent sth from doing為固定搭配,介詞from后面的動詞必須使用其-ing形式。

(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school

without mastering the printed page.(06年6月六級改錯第1題)介詞后面跟的動詞通常都要加-ing形式,所以這里的master應(yīng)該改成mastering.

(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject

pile.(06年1月六級改錯第4題)avoid后面跟動詞要加-ing, 所以end改成ending.

(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12

months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月六級改錯第8題)一個逗號將depend on和其邏輯主語this modern treatment分開,因此depend要用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式

depending.

(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----

the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting

that characterize a population or society, include the

expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六級改錯第一題)和上一題一樣,這里的include同樣得用分詞形式including.

-ed型改錯:

(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking

in a professional setting…(06年1月六級改錯第九題)這里的one指代前文的photo,我們都知道照相用take a photo,

所以這里的one和take應(yīng)該表示被動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該用take的過去分詞taken做后置定語。

(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----

exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六級改錯第10題)表示“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”顯然要用過去分詞found out.

注意:-ed型改錯從本質(zhì)上說就是要能發(fā)現(xiàn)動詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系,動詞是施動者,而其邏輯主語接收動詞發(fā)出的動作.這和被動語態(tài)實際上是一個道理,下面舉幾個被動語態(tài)的題:

(1) The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六級改錯第2題)這個報告被發(fā)表,所以在report和released之間要加上was.

(2) Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as

well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六級改錯第6題)

受到影響顯然要用被動語態(tài),所以affecting要改成過去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改錯命題專家比較偏愛的一個詞,在05年1月的改錯中考查了effect與affect的區(qū)別,大家對這個詞要好好掌握。

(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by

leprosy.(05年1月六級第10題)這里的the countries作為邏輯主語,與后面的動詞threaten成被動關(guān)系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我們這里應(yīng)該在threate-

ned的前面加上系動詞are.

5.單復(fù)數(shù)錯誤與主謂不一致錯誤。

這個考點在六級改錯中出現(xiàn)的也很頻繁,同學(xué)們對這種錯誤也比較熟悉,做題時一定得仔細(xì)觀察句子的主語：

(1)Most education system neglect exploration, under-

standing and reflection.(07年1月老六級第五題)句子的主語是education system，而前面的most和后面的neglect都提示我們這里主語應(yīng)該是個復(fù)數(shù),所以將system改成systems.

(2)There is therefore a need for resources and

methods of teaching that facilitates a deep under-

standing of science in an enjoyable way.(07年1月老六級第九題)這里facilitates前面跟的主語是resources and methods of teaching,主語是復(fù)數(shù),所以根據(jù)主謂一致原則,要把facilitates改成facilitate。

(3)New screening tests are identifying children at

risk before they get discouraged by year of frustra-

tion and failure.(06年6月六級改錯第8題)表示“多年的沮喪與失敗”是一個復(fù)數(shù)的概念,因此要把year改成years.

(4)physical object like cooking pots, computers and

bathtubs.(04年6月六級改錯第三題)這里的主語是physical object，也就是后面的那么些東西,因為不止一樣?xùn)|西,所以object得用復(fù)數(shù)形式objects.

(5)There is no guarantee that plant breeders can cont-

inue to develop new, higher-yielding crop…(04年1月六級改錯第10題)在形容詞前沒有不定冠詞,所以可以認(rèn)為這里的crop表示一個復(fù)數(shù)概念,因此用crops.